CP Violation and Future `B-Factories'

This lecture contains a brief introduction to CP violation in the B system before discussing future experimental programmes and their CP reach in the B system.Comment: 12 pages. 11 postscript figures + 1 postscript preprint logo + 1 LaTeX file + 1 style file. Also available at http://ppewww.ph.gla.ac.uk/preprints/97/09/ Lecture given at ` The Actual Problems of Particle Physics', Gomel, Belaru

QCD at HERA

A review of HERA measurements of structure functions, fragmentation functions and forward jet production is presented.Comment: 12 pages. 13 postscript figures + 1 postscript preprint logo + 1 LaTeX file + 1 style file. Also available at http://ppewww.ph.gla.ac.uk/preprints/98/02/ Invited talk given at SILAFAE9

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori by carbon-13 urea breath test using a portable mass spectrometer

CONTEXT: In the non-invasive detection of markers of disease, mass spectrometry is able to detect small quantities of volatile markers in exhaled air. However, the problem of size, expense and immobility of conventional mass spectrometry equipment has restricted its use. Now, a smaller, less expensive, portable quadrupole mass spectrometer system has been developed. Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the development of chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers and gastric cancer. OBJECTIVES: To compare the results obtained from the presence of H. pylori by a carbon-13 urea test using a portable quadrupole mass spectrometer system with those from a fixed mass spectrometer in a hospital-based clinical trial. METHODS: Following ethical approval, 45 patients attending a gastroenterology clinic at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital exhaled a breath sample into a Tedlar gas sampling bag. They then drank an orange juice containing urea radiolabelled with carbon and 30 min later gave a second breath sample. The carbon-13 content of both samples was measured using both quadrupole mass spectrometer systems. If the post-drink level exceeded the pre-drink level by 3% or more, a positive diagnosis for the presence of H. pylori was made. RESULTS: The findings were compared to the results using conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometry using a laboratory-based magnetic sector instrument off-site. The results showed agreement in 39 of the 45 patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that a portable quadrupole mass spectrometer is a potential alternative to the conventional centralised testing equipment. Future development of the portable quadrupole mass spectrometer to reduce further its size and cost is indicated, together with further work to validate this new equipment and to enhance its use in mass spectrometry diagnosis of other medical conditions

Analysis of Charm Pair Production at the LHC

The DGLAP and CCFM approaches to perturbative QCD evolution have been investigated by examining correlations of charmed hadron pairs in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV. The theoretical models are compared to the data taken by the LHCb experiment. Differences in the parton kinematics between the two approaches are discussed. In general a model incorporating NLO diagrams matched to parton showers describes the data best